The std::stack class is a container adaptor that gives the programmer the functionality of a stack - specifically, a LIFO (last-in, first-out) data structure. The class template acts as a wrapper to the …

7-12) These constructors participate in overload resolution only if std::uses_allocator<Container, Alloc>::value is true, that is, if the underlying container is an allocator-aware container (true for all …

#include <compare> #include <initializer_list> namespace std { // class template stack template<class T, class Container = deque<T>> class stack; template<class T ...

Returns reference to the top element in the stack. This is the most recently pushed element. This element will be removed on a call to pop (). Equivalent to: c.back().

Destroys the stack. The destructors of the elements are called (in unspecified order) and the dynamically allocated storage (if any) is deallocated. Note, that if the elements are pointers, the pointed-to objects …

Complexity Equal to the complexity of Container::push_back. Example This program implements the BrainHack DSL, when the use of std::stack is an idiomatic way to process paired brackets.

Removes the top element from the stack. Effectively calls c.pop_back(). Complexity Equal to the complexity of Container::pop_back. Example See also

Complexity Identical to the complexity of Container::emplace_back. Example

2) Move assignment operator. Replaces the contents with those of other using move semantics. Effectively calls c = std::move(other.c);.

Inserts a copy of each element of rg in stack, as if by: c.append_range(std::forward<R>(rg)) if that is a valid expression (i.e. the underlying container c has an appropriate append_range member function), or